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mm ⇄ inches
mm
in
1 in = 25.4 mm
m ⇄ feet & inches
m
ft
in
1 ft = 0.3048 m | 1 m = 3.28084 ft
mm ⇄ fractional inches
mm
—
in
Nearest 1/64" fraction
LENGTH — mm ↔ inches (excerpt)
Source: Trouvay & Cauvin
| in | mm | in | mm | in | mm | in | mm |
|---|
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mm² ⇄ in²
mm²
in²
1 in² = 645.16 mm²
cm² ⇄ in²
cm²
in²
1 in² = 6.4516 cm²
m² ⇄ ft²
m²
ft²
1 m² = 10.7639 ft²
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m³ ⇄ ft³
m³
ft³
1 m³ = 35.3147 ft³
litres ⇄ US gallons
L
US gal
1 US gal = 3.78541 L
litres ⇄ UK gallons
L
UK gal
1 UK gal = 4.54609 L
litres ⇄ barrels (petroleum)
L
bbl
1 bbl = 158.987 L
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bar ⇄ psi
bar
psi
1 bar = 14.5038 psi
MPa ⇄ psi
MPa
psi
1 MPa = 145.038 psi
MPa ⇄ bar
MPa
bar
1 MPa = 10 bar
kg/cm² ⇄ psi
kg/cm²
psi
1 kg/cm² = 14.2233 psi
PRESSURE — bar ↔ psi (reference table)
Source: Trouvay & Cauvin
| bar | psi | bar | psi | bar | psi | bar | psi |
|---|
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°C ⇄ °F
°C
°F
°F = °C × 9/5 + 32 | °C = (°F − 32) × 5/9
-40°
600°
°C ⇄ K (Kelvin)
°C
K
K = °C + 273.15
TEMPERATURE — °C ↔ °F (reference table)
Source: Trouvay & Cauvin
| °C | °F | °C | °F | °C | °F | °C | °F |
|---|
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Cv ⇄ Kv
Cv
Kv
Kv = Cv × 0.865 | Cv = Kv × 1.156
Cv (US): Flow of water at 60°F in US gallons/min through a valve with 1 psi pressure drop.
Kv (EU): Flow of water at 16°C in m³/h through a valve with 1 bar pressure drop.
Kv (EU): Flow of water at 16°C in m³/h through a valve with 1 bar pressure drop.
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kg ⇄ lb (pounds)
kg
lb
1 kg = 2.20462 lb
kg/m ⇄ lb/ft
kg/m
lb/ft
1 kg/m = 0.67197 lb/ft
tonne ⇄ long ton / short ton
tonne
long ton
short ton
1 t = 0.9842 long ton = 1.1023 short ton
Steel Hardness Conversion (approximate)
Approximate conversions between hardness scales for steel. Values are not exact — use official ASTM E140 tables for certification.
HARDNESS — HB ↔ HRB ↔ HRC ↔ HV ↔ MPa
Source: Trouvay & Cauvin / ASTM E140
| HB (Brinell) | HRB (Rockwell B) | HRC (Rockwell C) | HV (Vickers) | Rm (MPa) |
|---|